Organizational Culture An Organization - 960 Words

Organizational Culture is defined according to Kreitner and Kinicki (2013, p. 62) as, â€Å" the set of shared, taken-for-granted implicit assumptions that a group holds and that determines how it perceives, thinks about, and reacts to its various environments.† In addition to the core definition, organizational culture encompasses three critical layers that build off one another. The three layers are Observable Artifacts, Espoused Values, and Basic Assumptions. By, defining what organizational culture is in turns helps me to perform the job I have been hired to do. With the culture we have in place it prepares me for accomplishing the mission and vision of the organization. According to Rose (2014), there are three vital building elements that help creates your organizational culture and helps your organization to exist and function. The core components are mission, vision and values. Furthermore, when these vital building blocks are welcomed, observed, and performed in your daily walk and carried out by management, , it promotes an environment that is essential to building your organization identity into something beneficial and positive. The organizational culture instituted in my job is comprised of being a workplace that has established itself as a well known brand with a reputable reputation. Many aspire to work for this organization. I have witnessed that the culture here is a well diversified mixture of backgrounds and cultures. Moreover, it is infused with aShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Culture : An Organization1251 Words   |  6 PagesThe organization that I work for has many locations but I will concentrate on my work site. The organizational focuses on the well being of the residents and families. For this paper, I decided to focus more on the organizational culture. I will look into how the administrations of this organization are directly responsible for building and sustaining the culture within an organization. Organizational Culture is the shared values and beliefs that underlie a company’s identity. In my organizationRead MoreThe Organizational Culture Of An Organization1393 Words   |  6 PagesThe organizational culture of an organization serves as a foundation that should guide the practice and attitude of all healthcare professionals and staff. King Demarie (2015) describes organizational culture as the basis that determines right and wrong. A hospital organization’s mission, vision, and goals are derived from the culture established within the organization. Organizational decisions are highly influenced by the organizational culture within an environment. 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The shared organizational values happen to have a very strong influence on the employees of a different organization and dictate how they act, perform, dress, and carry out their jobs (Anderson Ackerman-Anderson, 2001). As such, organizational culture happens to be one of the mostRead MoreDefining Organizational Culture : An Organization2382 Words   |  10 PagesDefining Organizational Culture With numerous meanings given to organizational culture, scholars claim that the field is grounded in the shared assumptions, attitudes, and behaviors accepted and enacted by employees within an organization, which affect its performance and overall welfare (Belias Koustelios, 2014). Another widespread definition of organizational communication often used by organizational scholars states that: â€Å"Organizational culture is the pattern of basic assumptions that a group

Wu Zetian Perpetual Footprint on China Essay - 887 Words

Over a span of several decades, Wu Zetian inalterably changed life in China for woman as well the clergy and the poor. By doing so, she left a perpetual footprint on China’s long history that transcends the mere fact that she was the first woman to rule the â€Å"Red Dragon†. Wu Zetian was originally known as Wu Chao, born in 625 in Taiyuan in northern China. She adopted Wu Zetian when she seized the Chinese throne in 660. â€Å"Wu Zetian was a beautiful young woman†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Knight 372). Empress Wu ultimately assumed the title of emperor for herself in 690, becoming perhaps the first â€Å"dragon lady† and the lone woman to act thus in Chinese imperial history. During her reign, she proved herself the equal of any male emperor in terms of ruthlessness,†¦show more content†¦She has previously become the empress dowager (the widow of the emperor with the power over all of his property), then the regent (the substitute for the emperor). However, afte r the emperor Gaozong suffered a stroke in 660, Wu seized the real power within China. Wu’s slyness resulted in the exile of members of the royal family that were heirs to the throne and in at least in one case, to be poisoned (Li Hong). She also had made sure that her late husband Gaozong’s provision in his will that she ascend to the throne became a reality when her third son appointed her Heir Apparent. She ruled the dynasty on behalf of Gaozong and her son for about three decades. In 684, Wu’s son, Li Zhe, ascended to the Imperial throne, assuming the name Zhongzong. When it became apparent that Zhongzong would be under greater influence of his wife Wei than his mother, Wu had him exiled after reducing his title to Prince of Luling. She then had her youngest son Li Dan made emperor Ruizong whereupon she became both the substantive and actual ruler. In 690, Empress Wu assumed the title of emperor for herself –the lone woman to act as emperor in Chi nese imperial history – thereby finally facilitating the great improvement in China that Wu’s legacy left for women, the Buddhist clergy and the classes less fortunate than the aristocracy. Despite her despotism in ascending to

Strategic Management Formulation - Implementation - and Control

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Management for Formulation, Implementation, and Control. Answer: Introduction Amcor limited is a public limited manufacture company. It produces and sells large variety of paper, plastic and metal packaging materials. The products produced are used as paper wrapping, rolling and solid fiber containers, hard plastic containers, plastic bags and tubes, and canes for processed food packaging. Amcor is also indulging in pulp, paper and other forest products for tissue and personal care markets. It also trades and distributes paper and pack-aging products. The company is operating in about 43 countries with more than 31000 employees (Amcor, 2016). It has expanded its product line to beverage, food, household, hospital packaging, medical devices, personal and homecare, pharmaceuticals, tobacco and several other products. Amcor is regularly expanding with the focus of leadership in the fields of packaging. It provides all types of packaging solutions to several parts of the world. It has adopted expansion strategy with mergers, acquisitions and divestments (Business standard, 2015). It acquired several companies in the last decade and expanded its business in many new packaging lines. It provides packaging solutions to wide range of products such as soft drinks, water, juices, sports drinks, wine beer, pharmaceuticals and plastic caps for beverage applications. Over a period of time it has excellence in the field of packaging. The employees are motivated to minimize waste and are trained for waste Management; the focus is on regular product innovation (Eagle, 2017). The team of researchers is implied to put their extensive knowledge to develop innovative and sustainable packaging solutions. There are several customer meets to take review to identify and develop lower impact solutions through material reduction and post recycling. Objectives and strategic advantages to Amcor: The objective is to continue to grow earning and maintain a high level of returns over long term. To provide packing solution not only for the business but to ensure product reach to the consumer. To minimize wastage and recycle products with use of latest technology for innovative designs. To become leader in the field of packaging and paper based products. Amcor is a leading packaging solution provider with the specified objectives. It is focusing on continuous improvement since it started. Over the period of long time it has adapted and changed its products development and product material to avoid the emission of carbon and the various wastes, which pollutes the environment. It has acquired several companies of different countries to expand its business. This leads to bring extraordinary achievements for the company. It has extended product lines in such a manner that the customer is attracted from the products as it provides different varieties of same product to satisfy all the demands of business (Arbor and Michigan, 2016). Amcor is also focused on divestment of the certain units which they think are becoming burden on the company. It has acquired and divested several companies in past few decades. These strategic decisions helped it to become leader in the field plastic packaging and containers. It supplies large number of plasti c bottles to various lines of businesses from health and medicine to shampoo, oil and conditioners and beverages such as soft drinks, juices and beer (CanTech International, 2012). Amcor implemented its objective as a powerful tool to support quality and profitability. It manufactures quality products, which ensures proper hygiene and leakage proof solutions to the clients all over the world. The continuous innovation and development helped Amcor to provide different segments of packaging products which are used by large number of population in their day to day life. Amcor is also organizing events and competitions at various colleges and universities for new ideas and designs. It is nurturing new talent and innovations which may help Amcor in near future to develop some extraordinary products. It has organized such events at China, Thailand, Germany and several other countries (Amcor, 2013). The currently aligned strategy has helped Amcor to be a market leader in the field their business. It has evolved with the packaging requirements, paper products and the plastic products which are produced it is the largest producer of Polyethylene terephthalate, which is a thermoplastic polymer resin used in fiber made clothes and containers for food and liquefied products. The acquisition strategy provides further opportunities to expand Amcors customer base. It helps to capture high growth markets of different continents and subcontinents to create unique value and preposition (Burke, 2012). In recent years Amcor is moving towards Asian and European markets as there is lots of potential in these markets. The population is very high and the demand of FMCG and health care products is increasing day by day. Amcor has achieved 10% reduction in green house gas emissions from year 2011 to 2016. Amcor reduced green house gas emission by 28% through energy saving projects, machine temperature optimization, and upgraded equipments in year 2016. Amcor measure the involvement and track progress towards environmental improvement. Sources of indirect emissions include purchased raw materials, energy and outsourced activities, such as transport, recycling or recovery, and waste disposal. For the majority of green house emission the raw materials used for manufacturing processes are the greatest contributors. Amcor also tried to reduce 50% in waste-to-landfill intensity from year 2011 to 2016 and Zero waste to landfills as long term goal (Sustainability Review, 2016). Amcor total waste from operations for year 2016 was 287,334 tones, more than 80% of waste was recycled. Amcor have achieved a 62% reduction in waste-to landfill, significantly better than 50% target. Amcor achieved it through aligned recycling, improved material Management, and improved sorting at production centre (Johnson, 2014). Fifty-four sites sent no waste to landfill. 100 % Amcor sites had water management plans since end of 2016. Amcor water usage intensity decreased by 25%, and total water use decreased 5% compared to base 2011. Most of water is used for cooling processes in the manufacture of rigid plastic packaging. Acquisition strategy a step towards success: Acquisitions and mergers are strategic decisions used to expand the business to capture market share, product differentiation, improving supply channels, entering new markets and many more. Amcor is also implementing acquisition strategy in a very effective manner from last 10-15 years. It has continuously acquired different companies sometimes to enter new market, sometimes to capture customer base. Amcor has expanded to various countries such as USA, New Zealand, India, Thailand, China etc. Amcor is acquiring different companies and expanding day by day, but the revenues and profits are comparatively low due to several acquisitions with in years. There are several reasons for the fluctuation in profits. There is lots of financial support is required for acquisition of companies which results to highly affect the financial statements. But when we compare the financial statements for a longer period of time, then it is observed that the profits are increased year by year. Likewise th e price of shares is also showing an increasing trend, it is almost doubled in year 2014 (Binsted, 2014). The return on capital is also increased from 10 to 19 per cent during the financial period of 2014-15 which is a good growth indicator; it is almost double from last year. Amcor also addressed more than 20 acquisitions including the transformational $2 billion purchase of Alcan's packaging assets in 2009, Ball Plastics in 2010 and Aperio Group in 2012 (Mitchell, 2015). Its acquisition strategy is also supported by the shareholders the share prices are regularly increasing and still the demand of shares is continuous which is taking share prices on new heights. Amcor is also declaring dividend 19.5 (Cent) a share same as declared last year. This shows support of the stakeholders towards Amcor. The negative fluctuation in profit is due to the price rise in material and labour cost and due to change in the international market exchange rates. There are certain external factors whic h influences profits and business. . Amcor is also collaborating with startups to help them innovating and developing elastic and low price packaging solutions. This will help Amcor to enter into developing markets having high demand of packaging goods and plastics (Arbor and Michigan, 2016). Amcor is growing with very fast pace but still they have to focus efficiency in the production of the packaging goods. The expansion over the long period of time is continue with the same pace as there is large demand and scope of packaging business in Asia and Europe especially India and China are the good prospects for Amcor. So the company is focusing towards these areas as new market place for the packaging and distribution network. Amcor is also facilitating small businesses and startups with the innovative products and designs. Its strategy is to support regional and new brands with its innovative products so that they grow at good speed. This will help Amcor to build relationship with small brands, startups and small businesses for long period of time and growth in business. And by the time these brands grow in size than this relationship will positively increase profits at higher rate over long period of time. Components of strategy execution and recommendations for better strategy execution Goal-Setting: The purpose of goal-setting is to clarify the vision for any business. It is just to draw a diagram on the paper or we can say that planning for any type of decision and drawing the road map to achieve is termed as goal setting. Amcor is already taken its planning step it has grown over the period of time and become leader in the paper, plastic and packaging industry. But in this context goal setting refers to new acquisition assessment, the budget needed for the acquisition etc (Wheelen and Hunger, 2011). Analysis: it can be understood as the practical approach to attain the Goal which is settled n the first step. The actual features and the requirements such as capital, plant machinery, and financing are part of analysis. In case of Amcor the analysis may be analysis of the firms they are going to acquire or the business units they wants to dispose off. Strategy Formulation: after deciding and analyzing the plan then the proper road map is prepared it is a strict process which is followed during the whole process of strategic planning and execution. Amcor is regularly planning for acquiring some new companies, they are continuously focusing on acquisition strategy for expansion and side by side they have to plan for controlling the pollution, wastage of material and the acquired business unit performance. Amcor is successful in following the process as it has controlled the green house gas emission, solid waste, water pollution and increased recycling products. (Alkhafaji, A. F. 2011). Strategy Implementation: Implementation is the realistic approach of doing the formulated plan. It includes the actual decision making and taking those decisions to the desired targets. In case of Amcor the strategy implementation may be a new product launch, acquiring of a new strategic business unit (Binsted, 2014). It is used to explore new market and to capture more and more customer and market sales. Evaluation and Control: it can be under stood as a comparison between the actual and the planned road map. In case there is a difference in the road map then control is needed and again whole process starts from analyze, plan, implement and control otherwise, the same process ends with achievement. Amcor can also evaluate the decisions and depending upon the decisions it decides to continue or dispose-off the sick strategic business units (Mitchell, 2015). It is a continuous process takes place during whole strategy implementation process. Amcor is taking quick decisions in shorter periods of time. They have focused their goals towards minimizing costs. Low cost can be obtained, when the raw material is obtained at low prices. Amcor has worked over a long period of time and find a new solution that is recycling papers and plastic products. This has helped them to reduce cost of production. The other factor is to minimize pollution and wastage. Amcor is regularly working on waste management. It has improved in cutting down the waste to very low extent it has introduced short term goals to decrease pollution and waste management (Government of South Australia, 2017). Currently about 60 % of the Amcor sites are having environmental management system. Environment safety plan was introduced for short term and long term targets to avoid waste to landfill, green house gas emissions, and goals for water management. The acquisition strategy puts lots of financial burden on the company results to decreased profits. So the Amcor should focus either on strategic alliance or they should enter in joint ventures with the new companies at a particular market. The other strategy they can follow is to expand the acquisition time period from short term to a longer one. They should first operate and run the already acquired units and when the acquired unit provides higher profits then they should plan for the next acquisition (Simons, 2013). Conclusion From the above report it is observed that Amcor is implementing continuously acquisition and divesting strategy to achieve its desired objectives. It has designed its paper, plastic and resin products according to the changing needs of the businesses. Packaging industry is also having huge competition the businesses need new designed products to attract the customers. So Amcor have to work regularly on product innovation and design (Qureshi, 2016). Amcor also needs to minimize waste and pollution emission. Its various acquired companies are contributing to expansion strategy. The profits are fluctuating but still the share price is regularly increased in the long terms it has just doubled from that in year 2012. But before 2012 they were below the launch price for about 4 years. It is recommended that Amcor should focus on Acquisition but should wait for a period of 3-5 years for every acquisition. As there are lots of resources and capital is required in acquisition and maintain the new units. On the other side it has innovated itself in such a manner so that recycling and least wastage are obtained. It has focused on minimizing green house gas emission. New product designs are introduced with different features such as gripping, airtight and recycled bottles to attract the businesses. It is innovating and developing new products to fulfill the emerging needs of the consumers and it is possible that soon they will introduce packages which are self destroyable. They already introduced products which are very light weight and cheap in comparison to aluminum or metal cans (Hubbard, et, al., 2014). References Alkhafaji, A. F. (2011) Strategic Management: formulation, implementation, and control in a dynamic environment. Development and Learning in Organizations: An International Journal, 25(2), pp. 13-28. Amcor (2013) Amcor Announces the Winners of its Innovation Packaging Contest. [Online]. Available at: https://www.amcor.com/about_us/media_centre/news/amcor-announces-the-winners-of-its-innovation-pack (Accessed on 11 May 2017). Amcor (2016) Annual Report. [Online]. Available at: https://www.amcor.com/CorporateSite/media/Annual-reports/Amcor_Annual_Report_2016.pdf (Accessed: 7 May 2017). Arbor, A. and Michigan, (2016) Amcor Rigid Plastics launches packaging suite for start-ups. [Online]. Available at: https://www.business-standard.com/content/b2b-plastics-polymers/amcor-rigid-plastics-launches-packaging-suite-for-start-ups-116012000729_1.html (Accessed: 6 May 2017). Binsted, T. (2014) Amcor outlines $2 billion hit list of acquisitions on back of solid growth. [Online]. Available at: https://www.smh.com.au/business/amcor-outlines-2-billion-hit-list-of-acquisitions-on-back-of-solid-growth-20140218-32yhs.html (Accessed: 9 May 2017). Burke, J. (2012) ACCC investigating Amcor takeover of Aperio. [Online]. Available at: https://foodmag.com.au/accc-investigating-amcor-takeover-of-aperio/ (Accessed: 8 May 2017). Business standard, (2015) Australia's Amcor buys Packaging India from Essel Propack. [Online]. Available at: https://www.business-standard.com/content/b2b-manufacturing-industry/australia-s-amcor-buys-packaging-india-from-essel-propack-115071300738_1.html (Accessed: 8 May 2017). CanTech International (2012) Amcor MediCan for healthcare products. [Online]. Available at: https://www.cantechonline.com/2836/news/amcor-medican-for-healthcare-products/ (Accessed: 9 May 2017). Eagle, J. (2017) Amcor Sees a rise in conversion from glass plastic. [Online]. Available at: https://www.dairyreporter.com/Processing-Packaging/Amcor-sees-a-rise-in-conversion-from-glass-to-plastic (Accessed: 9 May 2017). Google Finance (2016) Amcor Limited. [Online]. Available at: https://www.google.com/finance?q=OTCMKTS%3AAMCRYfstype=iiei=5KkRWZHKK66quQTblbaIBQ (Accessed: 8 May 2017). Government of South Australia (2017) Zero waste lifeline. [Online]. Available at: https://www.zerowaste.sa.gov.au/content/uploaded/generic/lifeline/collaboration/partners.html (Accessed: 9 May 2017). Hubbard, G., Rice, J. and Galvin, P. (2014) Strategic Management- Thinking, Analysis, Action. Ausralia: Pearson Education. Johnson, J. (2014) Packaging specialist Amcor hits sustainability goals ahead of schedule. [Online]. Available at: https://www.plasticsnews.com/article/20141023/NEWS/141029945/packaging-specialist-amcor-hits-sustainability-goals-ahead-of-schedule (Accessed: 9 May 2017). Mitchell, S. (2015) Amcor's new chief Ron Delia flags further Growth. Available at: https://www.smh.com.au/business/amcors-new-chief--ron-delia-flags-further-growth-20150122-12w0d7.html (Accessed: 9 May 2017). Qureshi, W. (2016) Amcor launches new range of PET bottles. [Online]. Available at: https://www.packagingnews.co.uk/news/markets/drinks/176323-21-12-2016 (Accessed: 8 May 2017). Simons, R. (2013)Performance Measurement and Control Systems for Implementing Strategy Text and Cases: Pearson New International Edition. United Kingdom: Pearson Higher Education. Sustainability Review (2016) Creating a new world of Packaging. [Online]. Available at: https://www.amcor.com/CorporateSite/media/Sustain-Reports/2016_Sustainability_Review.pdf (Accessed: 8 May 2017). Wheelen, T. L., and Hunger, J. D. (2011)Concepts in strategic management and business policy. USA: Pearson Education.

Profile Essay Essays - Songs, Over, DraftGods Rainbow Manner

A Surprise Connection July 2016, a month that changed my life for the better. It was the day I met my soon to be step-mom who actually is my "step aunt". I was in Ethiopia for one of my other uncles weddings and when I got to my grandfather's house my legal guardian who also is one of my uncles had a nice surprise for the family as he had brought along his new girlfriend that no one had even seen before. There she was just standing there, me and her had cross paths before but we had never spoken to each other before, she seemed a shy and kind women as she was quite reserved and seemed nervous to be meeting so many new people. While at this time we were just total strangers by the end of my stay in Ethiopia my new "step aunt" would become probably the most important person in my life. Let's start of by giving a a little background on my aunt, she was born and raised back home in Ethiopia and moved to Philadelphia when she was about 7 years old. She lived there with her parents and two older brothers in a suburban area. She lived their her whole life until she moved down here with us and her parents still live there to this day. I later found out this was the reason I had never seen her before as she had been dating my uncle for a year before we met in Ethiopia but since she lived in Philly, they had a long distance relationship that I never knew about.While she is only a few years younger (34) than my uncle (38) she is a very young soul and she relates to me with many things, which is partly why our relationship would grow so strong over the coming years. So, after my other uncles wedding she came back to my house here In Maryland which would now be her new home. One thing that should definitely be made clear is that I do not come from a "normal" house per say, I am adopted by aforementioned uncle and we live with his mother (my grandma) in a little two level house. Growing up as the only child in the house made me very isolated as I had nobody to talk to or nobody to interact with in general. When I would come home from school I would go straight to my room and not talk to anyone for hours, sometimes I woudn't even talk until the next day when I was at school. My uncle worked all day and whenever he was home all we did was argue. My grandma has trouble speaking English and my Amharic (Ethiopia's native language) isn't very good which meant it was hard for me to communicate with her also. All of this changed however once my new "step-aunt" arrived, as she quickly would change my household completely. Before she came my grandma did most of the cooking and cleaning but of course she was getting old now and couldn't do things that she used to be able to, because of this the condition of our house had deteriorated somewhat. Not only did my aunt quickly have the house looking better she would also help my grandma with cooking and since she was a lot younger she could make dishes that appealed more to me. This was key because there had been times before she came where I went weeks without a home cooked meal as I would just eat takeout or easy to make processed food. While her cooking and cleaning defiantly help it wasn't even the most important change that she brought to the house and more specifically to my life. The important thing was that she became someone I could go to no matter what, whether it was a life or death choice, or I just needed someone to talk to o n a random Wednesday night, she was always there for me. I don't even think she realizes how much I cherish these moments as I went years feeling isolated and lonely, but now with her here I feel much more

From Communism To Democracy Essays - G20 Nations,

From Communism To Democracy Gradualism is naturally the most feasible approach to any situation. Since the fall of the iron curtain, these two Communist power houses have chose to move towards democracy. China has chosen to take the natural, more gradual approach to democracy where as Russia has chosen the fast-paced, more dangerous approach. These two nations have chosen to change their economies from a collectivized command one to a market oriented one in order to increase the standard of living in their countries. As we have seen in recent years, China is booming and becoming more and more successful, while Russia seems like it is regressing back to parochial ways. It is impossible to compare anything but Russia and China's approaches to change, and the results that incurred. The two nations have vastly different economies and to compare one economy to another would be illogical. China and Russia's approach to change are vastly different, almost like night and day. China's political and economic policy has always been to do things gradually. Whereas Russia believed in going through the necessary changes quickly, so that the hardship would in turn pass just as quickly. In the implementation of their policies, we have seen that China's approach has led to a 29% of growth in their industrial field. But in comparison, Russia only yielded 15% with their approach. But one must keep in mind that China has more industrial sectors than does Russia, so their job in improving industry is notably easier than Russia's feat in developing an industry. Politically, the two nations have the same policies that they held in their economies. China believes in gradually letting the people have more access to political freedom. And again, Russia's policy has been to flood them all at once with these new found freedoms. Unfortunately Russia's policy hasn't been the most naturally feasible approach again. Their people have been suddenly bombarded with all of these new found freedoms they have never experience before. They are like little children let loose in a candy store. There are all of these new things available to them, and most of the younger generation wants too try everything at once. All of these citizens experimenting with their new freedoms are creating political chaos. The Russian citizens don't have time to savor their new freedoms and are just trying to grab them from left and right. For they are probably afraid that if they don't take their freedoms quickly, they will leave as quickly as they came. On the other hand, China refuses to allow their citizens run the nation. Instead they are continuing to shun democracy. They refuse to have democratic elections, pro-democracy demonstrations, and still censor the press. They are still trying to maintain that wall that separates them from the rest of the world. From a democratic aspect, China's approach is appalling. China is refusing basic democratic rights that the Western nation citizens take for granted. China is under the misconception that they can give it's people little crumbs of freedom and keep them from wanting more. China's leaders think that they can keep controlling that many people for an undetermined amount of time, they don't realize that once the people know about a better life, nothing can stop them from pursuing that life also. So looking at Russia and China's political policies, it is safe to say that what is good for the economy may not necessarily be good for the people. When looking at evolution and physiology, one will also notice that changes naturally happen gradually. Over time, living organisms change and evolve, but the key ingredient is time. Sometimes

Biography of Queen Alexandra

Biography of Queen Alexandra Queen Alexandra (December 1, 1844 – November 20, 1925) was the longest-serving Princess of Wales in British history. She was the wife of King Edward VII, the successor to Queen Victoria. Although her public duties were limited, Alexandra became a style icon and did significant charity work in her lifetime. Fast Facts: Queen Alexandra Full Name:  Alexandra Caroline Marie Charlotte Louise JuliaOccupation: Queen of the United Kingdom and Empress of IndiaBorn: December 1, 1844 in Copenhagen, DenmarkDied: November 20, 1925 in Norfolk, EnglandKnown For: Born a princess of Denmark; married Queen Victorias son and heir; as queen, held little political power but was influential in fashion and charity workSpouse: King Edward VII (m. 1863-1910)Children: Prince Albert Victor; Prince George (later King George V); Louise, Princess Royal; Princess Victoria, Princess Maud (later Queen Maud of Norway); Prince Alexander John Princess of Denmark Born Princess Alexandra Caroline Marie Charlotte Louise Julia of Denmark, Alexandra was known to her family as â€Å"Alix.† She was born at the Yellow Palace in Copenhagen on December 1, 1844. Her parents were minor royalty: Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glà ¼cksburg and Princess Louise of Hesse-Kassel. Although they were members of the Danish royal family, Alexandras family lived a comparatively low-key life. Her father Christian’s income came only from his army commission. Alexandra had several siblings, but was closest to her sister Dagmar (who would later become Maria Feodorovna, Empress of Russia). Their family was close with Hans Christian Andersen, who occasionally visited to tell the children stories. The Danish royal family became more complicated in 1848, when King Christian VIII died and his son, Frederick, became king. Frederick was childless, and because he ruled both Denmark and Schleswig-Holstein, which had differing succession laws, a crisis arose. The ultimate outcome was that Alexandra’s father became the heir to Frederick in both regions. This change elevated Alexandra’s status, as she became the daughter of a future king. However, the family remained outside of court life, partially due to their disapproval of Frederick. Princess of Wales Alexandra was not Queen Victoria and Prince Albert’s first choice to marry their son, Prince Albert Edward. Nevertheless, Alexandra was introduced to the Prince of Wales by his sister, Princess Victoria, in 1861. After a courtship, Edward proposed in September of 1862, and the couple were married on March 10, 1863 at St. George’s Chapel at Windsor Castle. The wedding was a less festive occasion than many had hoped for, since the court was still in mourning for Prince Albert, who had died in December 1861. Alexandra gave birth to their first child, Prince Albert Victor, in 1864. The couple would go on to have a total of six children (including one who died at birth). Alexandra preferred to be a hands-on mother, but she also continued to enjoy her social life, carrying on hobbies such as hunting and ice skating. The couple were the center of society, bringing a youthful fun to a court long-dominated by a strict (and now mourning) queen. Even after rheumatic fever left her with a permanent limp, Alexandra was noted for being a charming and cheerful woman. Although most accounts seem to show that Edward and Alexandra had a fairly happy marriage, Edwards affection for his wife did not stop the prince from continuing his infamous playboy ways. He carried on several affairs throughout their marriage, both flings and long-term extramarital relationships, while Alexandra remained faithful. She became increasingly isolated, due to a hereditary condition that caused her to slowly lose hearing. Edward ran in scandalous circles and was very nearly implicated in at least one divorce hearing. As Princess of Wales, Alexandra performed many public duties, taking on the burden of some of her mother-in-law Victoria’s public appearances such as opening ceremonies, attending concerts, visiting hospitals, and otherwise conducting charity works. She was a popular young addition to the monarchy and was almost universally liked by the British public. In the early 1890s, Alexandra and her family suffered multiple losses that would also change the course of two monarchies. Prince Albert Victor, her eldest son, died in 1892 at the age of 28 after falling ill during a flu pandemic. His death devastated Alexandra. Albert Victors younger brother, George, became the heir and even married Albert Victor’s former fiancà ©e, Mary of Teck; it is from this line that the current British monarchy descends. Alexandra’s sister Dagmar also suffered a major loss in 1894: her husband, the Russian Tsar Alexander III, died. Dagmars son took the throne as Nicholas II. He would be the last tsar of Russia. Queen At Last Edward was the longest-serving Prince of Wales in history during his lifetime. (He was surpassed by his descendant Prince Charles in 2017.) However, he finally ascended to the throne upon Queen Victoria’s death in 1901. By this time, Edward’s taste for excess was catching up to him and his health, so Alexandra had to appear in his place for a few events. This was the only time that Alexandra was permitted to be involved in matters of importance. She held political opinions (for example, she was wary of German expansion from the beginning) but was ignored when she expressed them in both public and private. Ironically, her distrust proved prescient: she urged against the British and Germans â€Å"swapping† dominion over a pair of islands, which the Germans ended up using as a fortified stronghold during the world wars. Edward and his ministers went so far as to exclude her from trips abroad and forbid her to read briefing papers so that she would not try to exert any influence. Instead, she poured her efforts into charity work. On one occasion, however, Alexandra broke protocol and appeared publicly in a political context. In 1910, she became the first queen consort to visit the House of Commons and watch a debate. She would not be queen consort for long, though. Only a few months later, she was on a trip to Greece, visiting her brother, King George I, when she received word that Edward was seriously ill. Alexandra made it back in time to say goodbye to Edward, who died on May 6, 1910 after a bout of bronchitis and a series of heart attacks. Their son became King George V. Later Years and Legacy As the queen mother, Alexandra mostly continued her duties as she had as queen consort, focusing her efforts on charity work with a side of anti-German cajoling. Her generosity was renowned, as she willingly sent money to anyone who wrote to her asking for help. She lived to see her fears about the Germans realized with the outbreak of World War I, and rejoiced when her son changed the royal family’s name to Windsor to avoid German associations. Alexandra suffered another personal loss when her nephew, Nicholas II, was overthrown during the Russian Revolution. Her sister Dagmar was rescued and came to stay with Alexandra, but her son George V refused to offer asylum to Nicholas and his immediate family; they were murdered in 1917 by the Bolshevik revolutionaries. In the last years of her life, Alexandra’s health declined, and she died from a heart attack on November 20, 1925. She was buried at Windsor Castle next to Edward. A popular royal in life and death, Alexandra was mourned deeply by the British public, and she became the namesake for everything from palaces to ships to streets. Although she was not permitted any political influence, she was a style icon for the women of her time and defined an entire era of fashion. Her legacy was not one of politics, but of personal popularity and boundless generosity. Sources Battiscombe, Georgina. Queen Alexandra. Constable, 1969.Duff, David. Alexandra: Princess and Queen. Wm Collins Sons Co, 1980.â€Å"Edward VII.† BBC, bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/edward_vii_king.shtml.

Project Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Project - Assignment Example This may require careful selection of the parting line for the part. You may create cooling channels if needed. (15 marks) In this project, it is assumed that all the appropriate dimensions and any essential data related to injection moulding requirements given are in standard SI units. All the appropriate cutting tools and machine parameters for the NC machine should also be selected appropriately. An appropriate size of the block material should be selected and justified. The physical machining of the parts is not necessarily required. The group report shall be presented in both hardcopy and softcopy with the names of two students and their ID. It should be properly documented and submitted before the due date with the following details: This project will generally revolve around the design and manufacture of injection mouldingparts for LG G2 phone with the aid of design and manufacturing modules of Creo Parametric-2.0 CAD/CAM system. To support the work carried out, this project will also include: The design process of the case, a literature review of the work carried out based on some given review questions, methodology of the design and the recommendations given after the use of Creo Parametric-2 system in the modeling the product. A brief conclusion will be drawn from the project that has already been completed on the most probable implications of the used of CAD/CAM technology in the industries. We would wish to appreciate the work done by Professor Syed Masood in offering insight and guidance in this course. Through his efforts, we have managed to gain a lot of knowledge on the use of advanced CAM/CAD and Creo Parametric-2 system in this project. The completion of this project has helped us gain a lot of skills in the design and drawing of complex designs and the processes necessary in manufacturing. We would also